Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglial cells: an in-vitro model to evaluate neuroinflammation.
The neurovascular unit (NVU) which is made up of both neurons, glial and vascular cells is responsible for integrating changes in blood supply to increases or decreases in neuronal activity. Glial cells components of NVU include astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendroglia. Microglia cells, which are found throughout the brain, represent the first response in the CNS to neuroinflammation. The resting phenotype represents microglia that are highly active in monitoring the presence of pathogens in the local environment. The M1 phenotype is characterized by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to an acute immune response. On the contrary, M2 phenotype is characterized by the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, involved in the tissue repair, wastes removal, and in the renovation of brain homeostasis. Activated microglia using an immortalized murine microglial cell line (BV2) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), represent an important in vitro model to evaluate neuroinflammatory processes in the brain. Immunocytochemistry, and Western blotting methods were used to assess the neuroinflammatory responses and the transitional for resting to M1 or M2 phenotypes of different molecules, including choline-containing phospholipids and antioxidant substances.
Keywords - ENGLISH
neuroinflammation, microglia, cell culture
Active participants in the research line (PI last author or *)
Ilenia Martinelli; Vincenzo Bellitto; Daniele Tomassoni
External Collaborations
Section of Human Anatomy, School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Campus Scientifico "Enrico Mattei", University of Urbino Carlo Bo.
Pillar
Human Health
Macroareas in Human Health
Biology of health and disease
Email Address
daniele.tomassoni@unicam.it
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